1. Preparation: The area will be cleaned and numbed with a local anesthetic.
2. Access: A small IO needle is gently inserted through the outer layer of bone into the marrow cavity using a handheld or powered device.
3. Injection: Medications (e.g., PRP, stem cells, or other therapies) are slowly delivered into the bone marrow.
4. Aftercare: A small dressing is applied. Most patients go home shortly after the procedure.

Procedure Time: 90 minutes
Return to Activity: Often same or next day, unless otherwise advised

• Direct delivery of orthobiologics to bone tissue
• May improve outcomes in difficult-to-treat bone injuries
• Minimally invasive
• May reduce need for surgery

Like all procedures, IO injections carry some risks, though they are rare:

• Mild pain or pressure at the injection site
• Bruising or swelling
• Temporary soreness up to a week
• Infection (very rare, 1 in 10,000)
• Small risk of bone injury

Let your provider know if you have bleeding disorders, bone infections, or are taking blood thinners.

• Keep the site clean and dry for 24 hours
• Avoid intense activity for the first 24–48 hours unless instructed otherwise
• Use ice for swelling if needed
• Follow up as directed by your provider